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<journal-meta>
  <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">46</journal-id>
  <journal-id journal-id-type="short-title">gssr</journal-id>
  <journal-id journal-id-type="doi">10.31703/gssr</journal-id>
  <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title>Global Social Sciences Review</journal-title>
    <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">gssr</abbrev-journal-title>
  </journal-title-group>
  <issn publication-format="print">2520-0348</issn>
  <issn publication-format="electronic">2616-793X</issn>
  <self-uri xlink:href="https://gssrjournal.com"/>
  <publisher>
    <publisher-name>Humanity Publications</publisher-name>
    <publisher-loc>Pakistan</publisher-loc>
  </publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
  <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">390522</article-id>
  <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31703/gssr.2018(III-II).10</article-id>
  <article-id pub-id-type="other" specific-use="submission-id">991</article-id>
  <article-version article-version-type="publisher">1.0</article-version>
  <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
      <subject>article</subject>
    </subj-group>
  </article-categories>
  <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Failure in the English Subject in Government High Schools for Boys in District Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan.</article-title>
  </title-group>
<contrib-group>
  <contrib contrib-type="author" seq="1" corresp="yes">
    <name>
      <surname>Shah</surname>
      <given-names>Niamat Shah</given-names>
    </name>
    <role vocab="credit" vocab-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/" vocab-term="Conceptualization" vocab-term-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/contributor-roles/conceptualization/">Conceptualization</role>
    <role vocab="credit" vocab-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/" vocab-term="Writing – original draft" vocab-term-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/contributor-roles/writing-original-draft/">Writing – original draft</role>
    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
    <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"/>
  </contrib>
  <contrib contrib-type="author" seq="2">
    <name>
      <surname>Aijaz</surname>
      <given-names>Niaz Muhammad</given-names>
    </name>
    <role vocab="credit" vocab-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/" vocab-term="Writing – review &amp; editing" vocab-term-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/contributor-roles/writing-review-editing/">Writing – review &amp; editing</role>
    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
  </contrib>
  <contrib contrib-type="author" seq="3">
    <name>
      <surname>Idris</surname>
      <given-names>Muhammad Idris</given-names>
    </name>
    <role vocab="credit" vocab-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/" vocab-term="Writing – review &amp; editing" vocab-term-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/contributor-roles/writing-review-editing/">Writing – review &amp; editing</role>
    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/>
  </contrib>
  <aff id="aff1">
    <label>1</label>
    <institution-wrap>
      <institution>(Education), Sarhad University of Science &amp; Information Technology, Peshawar</institution>
    </institution-wrap>
    <named-content content-type="author-role">PhD Scholar</named-content>
    <addr-line>KP</addr-line>
    <country>Pakistan</country>
  </aff>
  <aff id="aff2">
    <label>2</label>
    <institution-wrap>
      <institution>and HoD, Department of Education, Sarhad University of Science &amp; Information Technology, Peshawar</institution>
    </institution-wrap>
    <named-content content-type="author-role">Assistant Professor</named-content>
    <addr-line>KP</addr-line>
    <country>Pakistan</country>
  </aff>
  <aff id="aff3">
    <label>3</label>
    <institution-wrap>
      <institution>Department of Education, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan</institution>
    </institution-wrap>
    <named-content content-type="author-role">Assistant Professor</named-content>
    <addr-line>KP Pakistan</addr-line>
    <country>Pakistan</country>
  </aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes>
  <corresp id="cor1">Corresponding Author: Niamat Shah, PhD Scholar (Education), Sarhad University of Science &amp; Information Technology, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.. Contact: 0</corresp>
<fn fn-type="COI-statement" id="fn-coi">
  <p>The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="ethics-statement" id="fn-ethics">
  <p>This study did not require formal ethics approval.</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="data-availability-statement" id="fn-data">
  <p>Data sharing is not applicable to this article.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="epub" date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
  <day>30</day>
  <month>06</month>
  <year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection">
  <month>06</month>
  <year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="print">
  <day>16</day>
  <month>02</month>
  <year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
  <volume>3</volume>
  <issue>2</issue>
  <season>Spring</season>
  <fpage>146</fpage>
  <lpage>158</lpage>
  <history>
    <date date-type="accepted">
      <day>16</day>
      <month>02</month>
      <year>2022</year>
    </date>
  </history>
<funding-group>
  <funding-statement>
<p>The authors received no specific funding for this work.</p>
  </funding-statement>
</funding-group>
<permissions>
  <copyright-year>2018</copyright-year>
  <copyright-holder>Humanity Publications</copyright-holder>
  <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
    <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
  </license>
</permissions>
<self-uri content-type="text/html" xlink:href="https://gssrjournal.com/article/Failure-in-the-English-Subject-in-Government-High-Schools-for-Boys-in-District-Mardan,-Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan"/>
<self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="https://gssrjournal.com/pdf/gssr/t6xwTGM0Ow.pdf"/>
<supplementary-material id="suppl-pdf" content-type="pdf" xlink:href="https://gssrjournal.com/pdf/gssr/t6xwTGM0Ow.pdf">
  <label>PDF</label>
  <caption>
    <title>Full Text PDF</title>
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</supplementary-material>
  <abstract>
    <p>This descriptive study investigates the failure in the English subject to find out the causes of failure in the English subject in Government High Schools for Boys in district Mardan, so viable suggestions to overcome the failure rate in the English subject in district Mardan, KP Pakistan are proposed. The population of this research is all public high Schools of district Mardan, which were 380 in number. 64 schools were selected through Stratified sampling technique. Questionnaire as research instrument was used for data collection. The collected data was analyzed, interpreted and results were shown in percentage in tabular form. The findings of the study highlighted the failure (33%) in English, (02%) Urdu and (04%) in Pakistan studies. Causes of failure like lack of qualified and well trained teachers, overcrowded classrooms, non-availability of language laboratories and A.V Aids, inappropriate teaching method and lack of Principals’ supervision were identified. At the end provision of qualified and competent teachers, facilities like language laboratories and A.V. Aids, principals’ Proper supervision of classrooms for teachers’ better performance are recommended.</p>
  </abstract>
<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-keywords">
  <kwd>Failure</kwd>
  <kwd>English Subject</kwd>
  <kwd>Government High Schools</kwd>
  <kwd>Mardan District</kwd>
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</front>
<body>
<sec id="sec-2">
<sec id="sec-1"><title>Review of Literature</title></sec><p>Sa&apos;ad, <italic>et al </italic>(2014), identified at length the causes of failure in the English subject. He found out that dominance of mother tongue, lack of qualified English teachers, absence of language laboratories at schools and students&apos; negative attitude towards English learning were some of the leading factors responsible for failure.</p><p>Bashiruddin (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref145040">2014</xref>) expressed that the instructive foundation of the greater part of the educators in Pakistan isn&apos;t pertinent to instructing English. The information gave by the Aga Khan University, Institute for Educational Development about the in‐service educators, it is obvious that just 20% are to some degree met all requirements to show English since they are furnished with some expert capabilities. The staying 80% don&apos;t have capabilities to educate English. Henceforth, educators with degrees in disciplines other than English, for example, Islamic Studies, Science, Social Studies and Pakistan Studies are instructing English.</p><p>Tuan, <italic>et al</italic> (2015) conducted a study on the topic in Vietnam. He held the teacher responsible for failure in the English subject. According to him if he or she is committed to his or her job, students can make progress in the learning of English language. English teacher should engage students while teaching English. They should be involved in creative activities of language skills.</p><p>Golam (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref145044">2012</xref>) identified that those students who only depend on textbooks and doing nothing practical always result in low achievement. He indicated that students preferred mother tongue in the classroom which was not a good sign. They were not using English as a source of communication. According to him students should be given opportunity to practice language skills,</p><p>Mosha (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref145049">2014</xref>) underlined those basics causes and reasons which effect students&apos; linguistic performance in the subject of English. They are lack of qualified teachers, classroom environment, lack of teaching facilities, overcrowded classrooms and absence of debates in schools.</p><p>Kabir (2012) explored the reasons of learner&apos;s failure in English subject. He determined that students always consider English as a difficult subject which puts a negative impact on their learning process. He suggested that trained and qualified teachers can teach English subject better. Abu-Agla, <italic>et al</italic> (2015) recommends multimedia, language laboratories and teacher professionalism for high achievement in the English language.</p><p>Hussain (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref145042">2005</xref>) accepts the direct method and rejects the grammar translation method in teaching English subject at the secondary level. He says that direct method enables students to develop their English language skills. Along with that he recommends language laboratories with trained English teachers. Modi (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref145048">2012</xref>) indicates that the use of technology is one of the new trends in the English language teaching. He says that internet facilities, digital camera, E-mail, Computer game and presentation software are some of the features of technology.</p><p>Shamim (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref145056">2011</xref>) documented that maximum number of teachers were untrained or half trained in language teaching or qualifications in the teaching of English and that very few teachers take interest in any creative or professional development activities in Pakistan.</p><p>Matthias (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref145037">2013</xref>) says that if understudies at the optional school level need to pick up authority of the English dialect, they should be instructed well. On the off chance that they need to show well, educators must make utilization of different techniques to improve their instructing.</p><p>According to smith (2010), there are many reasons that our students do not write well. We blame television, internet or the lack of homework but the most obvious reason that our students do not write well is that they do not get guidance in writing.</p><p>Mukoroli (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref145050">2011</xref>) says that scholastic cognizance and comprehension get enhanced when understudies know the significance of words. Words are imperative for correspondence. At the point when understudies have rich vocabulary, they can enhance all territories of correspondence, in particular talking, tuning in, perusing and composing. Current models of perusing in the English for Academic purposes consider vocabulary learning a vital wellspring of perusing understanding.</p><p>Nicholas (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref145051">1998</xref>) reported that in the educating of English, the instructors for the most part utilize Translation Method which is a conventional strategy for educating. Because of which our understudies can&apos;t get order over English dialect, as obvious from the way that there are an extensive number of understudies who bomb in English at the Secondary level.</p><p>Mother tongue is the major hurdle which is faced by most of the students in the third world nations because there English is a mostly deal with as second language. It is also fact that the dominant nature of mother tongue never leaves the students as well as the teacher to communicate freely in English. They feel shy and hesitant while they speak English. The result is that they do not strive to use it inside or outside the classroom.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-4">
<sec id="sec-3"><title>Objectives of Research</title></sec><list list-type="order"><list-item><p>To know the failure ratio in English for the last five years.</p></list-item><list-item><p>To explore the causes of failures in English at the high school level.</p></list-item><list-item><p>To evaluate the main causes of the failure in English at high level.</p></list-item><list-item><p>To give viable suggestion to overcome/minimize the failure rate in the English subject. </p></list-item></list>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-6">
<sec id="sec-5"><title>Research Methodology</title></sec><p>This research study was about investigating the main causes of matric students&apos; failure in English.  It is observed that matric students were failing in English more than any other subjects. Therefore, the study would make an attempt to find out those causes where learners faced failure in English.   The methodology used is given as under.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-8">
<sec id="sec-7"><title>Population</title></sec><p>The population was all the Government high schools for boys of District Mardan which comprised 76 principal and 76 English teachers.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-10">
<sec id="sec-9"><title>Sample of the Study</title></sec><p>Stratified random sampling technique was used in order to have a chance of suitable representation of principals and English teachers. 64 principals and 64 English teachers were selected by using Krejcie and Morgan&apos;s table of sample specification 1970.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-12">
<sec id="sec-11"><title>Instrument for Data Collection</title></sec><p>Two questionnaires for (principal and English teachers) were used   for the data collection. Questionnaires were developed and then personally distributed among the respondents. The researcher analyzed the collected data by using tabulated and percentage method. The researcher simplified the data with the help of discussion.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-13">
  <title>Analysis and Interpretation of Principals&apos; Data</title>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-14">
  <title>Table 1. English Teacher has the Relevant Qualification. (M.A in English with B.Ed.)</title>
<table-wrap id="table1"><label>Table 1</label><caption><title>Table 1</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Principals</td><td><p>45</p><p>70.37%</p></td><td><p>10</p><p>15.68%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>04</p><p>5.25%</p></td><td><p>6</p><p>9.37%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Table 1 shows principals&apos; responses regarding English subject teachers having relevant qualification. A majority (86%) of the respondents strongly disagreed or disagreed with the suggested statement. Similarly, around 14% respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the given statement which indicated that a majority teachers were teaching the subject without having relevant qualification.</p>
<sec id="sec-15">
<table-wrap id="table2"><label>Table 2</label><caption><title>English Teacher has the English Competence at the Secondary Level.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Principals</td><td><p>38</p><p>59.37%</p></td><td><p>13</p><p>20.38%</p></td><td><p>05</p><p>08%</p></td><td><p>03</p><p>4.68%</p></td><td><p>5</p><p>7.89%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Results indicates that (80%) of the respondents strongly disagreed or disagreed with the given statement. Similarly, around 12% respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the suggested statement. This means that a majority of English teachers did not have the English competence at the secondary level.</p>
<sec id="sec-16">
  <title>Table 3. English teacher has in-service training.</title>
<table-wrap id="table3"><label>Table 3</label><caption><title>Table 3</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Principals</td><td><p>32</p><p>50%</p></td><td><p>19</p><p>30%</p></td><td><p>03</p><p>04.68%</p></td><td><p>03</p><p>4.68%</p></td><td><p>7</p><p>11%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Data depicts that (80%) participants strongly disagreed or disagreed with the suggested statement. In the same way around 16% respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the given statement. This means that English subject teachers did not have in- service training.</p>
<sec id="sec-17">
<table-wrap id="table4"><label>Table 4</label><caption><title>He Follows the direct Method of Teaching in the Class.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Principals</td><td><p>64</p><p>100%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Data identifies that (100%) sampled strongly disagreed or disagreed with the suggested statement. Similarly, response in favor of agreed or strongly agreed was NIL. This means that English teachers did not follow the direct method of teaching in the class.</p>
<sec id="sec-18">
<table-wrap id="table5"><label>Table 5</label><caption><title>I have Command over the English language.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Principals</td><td><p>35</p><p>55%</p></td><td><p>16</p><p>25%</p></td><td><p>03</p><p>4.68%</p></td><td><p>04</p><p>5.25%</p></td><td><p>06</p><p>9.37%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Results that (80%) were strongly disagreed or disagreed with the given statement. Similarly, around 15% responded agreed or strongly agreed with the suggested statement. This means that a majority of the principals had no command over the English language.</p>
<sec id="sec-19">
<table-wrap id="table6"><label>Table 6</label><caption><title>Audio Visual Aids for Teaching English Subject are Available at School.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Principals</td><td><p>51</p><p>80%</p></td><td><p>08</p><p>13%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>4.68%</p></td><td><p>03</p><p>4.68%</p></td><td><p>01</p><p>02%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Indicates that (93%) were strongly disagreed or disagreed with the given statement. Similarly, around 7% respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the suggested statement. This means that majority of schools did not have Audio Visual Aids for teaching English subject.</p>
<sec id="sec-20">
<table-wrap id="table7"><label>Table 7</label><caption><title>I as Principal Always Keep a Check on the English Teacher About his Performance.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Principals</td><td><p>28</p><p>44%</p></td><td><p>20</p><p>31%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>08</p><p>13%</p></td><td><p>07</p><p>11%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Result highlights that (75%) was strongly disagreed or disagreed with the given statement. Similarly, around 24% respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the suggested statement. This means that a majority of principals did not keep check on the English teachers regarding their performance.</p>
<sec id="sec-21">
<table-wrap id="table8"><label>Table 8</label><caption><title>English Language Laboratory is Available at School.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Principals</td><td><p>64</p><p>100%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Data reflects that (100%) sampled strongly disagreed or disagreed with the suggested statement. Similarly, response in favour of agreed or strongly agreed was NIL. This means that all schools had no English language laboratory.</p>
<sec id="sec-22">
<table-wrap id="table9"><label>Table 9</label><caption><title>Maximum Failures Occur in the English Subject.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Principals</td><td><p>03</p><p>05%</p></td><td><p>03</p><p>05%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>44</p><p>68.74%</p></td><td><p>14</p><p>22%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Table 9 depicts that around 10% of the respondents strongly disagreed or disagreed with the given statement. Similarly, a majority (91%) of the sampled strongly agreed that maximum failure occurred in the English subject at the secondary level.</p>
<sec id="sec-23">
<table-wrap id="table10"><label>Table 10</label><caption><title>Parents Emphasize English to be Taught to their Children.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Principals</td><td><p>19</p><p>30%</p></td><td><p>13</p><p>20.37%</p></td><td><p>09</p><p>13%</p></td><td><p>22</p><p>34.68%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Result shows that (51%) members of the study strongly disagreed or disagreed with the given statement. Similarly, around 35% respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the suggested statement. This means that majority of parents did not emphasize English to be taught to their children.</p>
<sec id="sec-25">
<sec id="sec-24"><title>Analysis and Interpretation of Teachers&apos; Data</title></sec>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-27">
<sec id="sec-26"><title>Table: 1. I have the Relevant Qualification of Teaching English at the Secondary Level.</title></sec><table-wrap id="table11"><label>Table 11</label><caption><title>Table 11</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Teachers</td><td><p>22</p><p>34.34%</p></td><td><p>19</p><p>30%</p></td><td><p>01</p><p>02%</p></td><td><p>10</p><p>16%</p></td><td><p>11</p><p>17%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><p>Table data shows that (64%) sampled members were disagreed with the suggested item. Similarly, around 33% responded agreed or strongly agreed to the given statement. This means that majority of the English teachers did not have the relevant qualification for teaching English subject.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-28">
<table-wrap id="table12"><label>Table 2</label><caption><title>I teach English by Using Grammar and Translation Method.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Teachers</td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>03</p><p>04%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>56</p><p>88%</p></td><td><p>05</p><p>08%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Data depicts that (96%) were strongly agreed and 4% respondents disagreed with the given item. Therefore, most English instructors were teaching English by using grammar and translation method.</p>
<sec id="sec-29">
<table-wrap id="table13"><label>Table 3</label><caption><title>Classroom of English Subject is Overcrowded.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Teachers</td><td><p>51</p><p>80%</p></td><td><p>06</p><p>10%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>02</p><p>03%</p></td><td><p>04</p><p>07%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Table results show that (90%) &quot;Of the respondents strongly disagreed or disagreed with the suggested statement. Similarly, around 10% respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the given statement. This means that classrooms of English subject are overcrowded&quot;.</p>
<sec id="sec-30">
<table-wrap id="table14"><label>Table 4</label><caption><title>I have Got Special English Language Course Like TOEFL.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Teachers</td><td><p>64</p><p>100%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Data explains that (100%) of the respondents strongly disagreed or disagreed. Response towards agreed or strongly agreed was NIL. This means &quot;that all the English teachers did not get special English language course like TOEFL&quot;.</p>
<sec id="sec-31">
<table-wrap id="table15"><label>Table 5</label><caption><title>Failure Ratio in English Subject is Higher than the Other Subjects.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Teachers</td><td><p>03</p><p>04%</p></td><td><p>04</p><p>07%</p></td><td><p>05</p><p>08%</p></td><td><p>43</p><p>67%</p></td><td><p>10</p><p>16%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Shows that (11%) of the sampled were disagreed with the item. Similarly, around 83% respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the given statement. This means that failure ratio in English subject was higher than the other subjects.</p>
<sec id="sec-32">
<table-wrap id="table16"><label>Table 6</label><caption><title>Syllabus of the English Subject is Lengthy for Students.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Teachers</td><td><p>03</p><p>05%</p></td><td><p>04</p><p>06%</p></td><td><p>03</p><p>04%</p></td><td><p>42</p><p>65%</p></td><td><p>13</p><p>20%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Indicates that (11%) targeted sample were strongly disagreed. Similarly, around 85% respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the given statement. This means that syllabus of the English subject was lengthy for students.</p>
<sec id="sec-33">
<table-wrap id="table17"><label>Table 7</label><caption><title>Textbooks of the English Subject focus English Language Skills and Grammar.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Teachers</td><td><p>05</p><p>03%</p></td><td><p>01</p><p>02%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>58</p><p>90%</p></td><td><p>02</p><p>04%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Results identifies that (05%) were strongly disagreed or disagreed. Similarly, around 94% respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the given statement. This means that textbooks of the English subject were focusing English language skills and grammar.</p>
<sec id="sec-34">
<table-wrap id="table18"><label>Table 8</label><caption><title>Audio Visual Aids are Available at School.</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Teachers</td><td><p>35</p><p>54%</p></td><td><p>18</p><p>18%</p></td><td><p>00</p><p>00%</p></td><td><p>05</p><p>08%</p></td><td><p>06</p><p>10%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Data shows that (72%) were strongly disagreed or disagreed. And 18% were agreed or strongly agreed with the given statement. This means that Audio Visual Aids were not available in majority of schools.</p>
<sec id="sec-36">
<sec id="sec-35"><title>Tabl 9. Students Feel Shy and Hesitant While Speaking English Language.</title></sec><table-wrap id="table19"><label>Table 19</label><caption><title>Table 19</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Teachers</td><td><p>38</p><p>60%</p></td><td><p>08</p><p>12%</p></td><td><p>03</p><p>05%</p></td><td><p>08</p><p>13%</p></td><td><p>06</p><p>10%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><p>Table 9 depicts that a majority (72%) of the respondents strongly disagreed or disagreed with the suggested statement. Similarly, around 23% respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the given statement. This means that majority of the students were feeling shy and hesitant while speaking English language.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-38">
<sec id="sec-37"><title>Table: 10. I Engage my Students in Creative Activities Like Dialogues and Essay Writing.</title></sec><table-wrap id="table20"><label>Table 20</label><caption><title>Table 20</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><bold>Respondents</bold></td><td><bold>SDA</bold></td><td><bold>DA</bold></td><td><bold>UD</bold></td><td><bold>A</bold></td><td><bold>SA</bold></td></tr><tr><td>Teachers</td><td><p>29</p><p>46%</p></td><td><p>20</p><p>32%</p></td><td><p>05</p><p>08%</p></td><td><p>03</p><p>05%</p></td><td><p>06</p><p>10%</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap><p>Table 10 shows (78%) members were strongly disagreed. Similarly, around 15% respondents agreed or strongly agreed with the given statement. This means that a majority of the English teachers did not engage their students in creative activities like dialogues and essay writing.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-40">
<sec id="sec-39"><title>Conclusions</title></sec><p>The main causes which the study found were mainly related to the teaching staff and teaching strategies at high school level. Those causes are to be addressed properly by the concerned authorities and the result would be better and smooth then at this particular level in English.</p><list list-type="bullet"><list-item><p>Majority of the respondents supported that English teachers lacked the relevant qualification at high school.</p></list-item><list-item><p>Majority of English teachers were having no competence of teaching English subject.</p></list-item><list-item><p>It was found out that maximum number of English teachers had no in-service teacher training.</p></list-item><list-item><p>The study reflected that in majority of schools, Audio Visual Aids were not available for English teaching.</p></list-item><list-item><p>Classrooms of the English subject were found to be overcrowded.</p></list-item><list-item><p>It was indicated that a majority of English teachers were using grammar and translation method in the English subject teaching.</p></list-item><list-item><p>A majority of the respondents reported that English language laboratories were not available at schools.</p></list-item><list-item><p>Syllabus of the English subject was found lengthy for students as reported by a majority of the respondents.</p></list-item><list-item><p>The study pointed out that a majority of parents did not emphasize English to be taught to their children.</p></list-item><list-item><p>A majority of the principals were found having no command over the English language.</p></list-item><list-item><p>The study revealed that a majority of English teachers were having no English language course like TOEFL.</p></list-item><list-item><p>The respondents reported that failure ratio in the English subject was higher than the other subjects.</p></list-item><list-item><p>The study also highlighted that a majority of principals had no check on English teachers regarding their performance.</p></list-item><list-item><p>The respondents reported that English teachers did not engage their students in the creative activities like dialogues or essay writing.</p></list-item></list><list list-type="bullet"><list-item><p>Recommendations</p></list-item></list><list list-type="bullet"><list-item><p>The study indicated that English teachers neither had relevant qualification nor in-service teacher training. It is recommended that the education department Khyber Pakhtunkhwa should select those English teachers who have the relevant qualification.  They should be, further, given in-service training through PITE or RITE.</p></list-item><list-item><p>It was revealed that English teachers were using grammar translation method in their classes. It is, therefore, suggested that they should follow the direct method of teaching in order to get better exposure of English language rather than mother tongue.</p></list-item><list-item><p>As reported by the respondents, there were no English language laboratories in schools. It is recommended that the government should manage to install language laboratories in schools. The teachers concerned should be given training regarding their correct usage.</p></list-item><list-item><p>The study also indicated that a majority of the principals had no check on the English teachers. It is suggested that the principals should supervise English classes in order to evaluate teachers&apos; performance.</p></list-item><list-item><p>The respondents reported that English syllabus was lengthy. It is recommended that the curriculum planner should make it brief yet concise in order to be completed in time.</p></list-item><list-item><p>The study revealed that a majority of parents did not emphasize English for their children. It is prescribed that the teacher concerned should bring in them an awareness regarding the importance of English language through proper rapport.</p></list-item><list-item><p>As shown by the study, the English teachers were not engaging their students in the creative language activities, it is suggested that the teachers should practice discussion, debates, essay writing, storytelling and newspaper reading in the class. This will enable students to improve the language skills.</p></list-item></list>
</sec>
</body>
<back>
<fn-group content-type="conflict-of-interest">
  <title>Conflict of Interest</title>
  <fn fn-type="conflict">
<p>The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.</p>
  </fn>
</fn-group>
<fn-group content-type="ethics-statement">
  <title>Ethics Statement</title>
  <fn fn-type="ethics">
<p>This study did not require formal ethics approval.</p>
  </fn>
</fn-group>
<fn-group content-type="data-availability">
  <title>Data Availability</title>
  <fn fn-type="data-availability-statement">
<p>Data sharing is not applicable to this article.</p>
  </fn>
</fn-group>
<app-group>
  <app id="app-suppl">
    <title>Supplementary Materials</title>
<supplementary-material id="suppl-pdf" content-type="pdf" xlink:href="https://gssrjournal.com/pdf/gssr/t6xwTGM0Ow.pdf">
  <label>PDF</label>
  <caption>
    <title>Full Text PDF</title>
  </caption>
</supplementary-material>
  </app>
</app-group>
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</article>