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<journal-meta>
  <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">46</journal-id>
  <journal-id journal-id-type="short-title">gssr</journal-id>
  <journal-id journal-id-type="doi">10.31703/gssr</journal-id>
  <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title>Global Social Sciences Review</journal-title>
    <abbrev-journal-title abbrev-type="publisher">gssr</abbrev-journal-title>
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  <issn publication-format="print">2520-0348</issn>
  <issn publication-format="electronic">2616-793X</issn>
  <self-uri xlink:href="https://gssrjournal.com"/>
  <publisher>
    <publisher-name>Humanity Publications</publisher-name>
    <publisher-loc>Pakistan</publisher-loc>
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<article-meta>
  <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">391015</article-id>
  <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31703/gssr.2021(VI-I).10</article-id>
  <article-id pub-id-type="other" specific-use="submission-id">1484</article-id>
  <article-version article-version-type="publisher">1.0</article-version>
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    <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
      <subject>article</subject>
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  <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Relationship between Students&apos; Perception of Assessment, their Exam Preparation Strategies and their CGPA at University Level</article-title>
  </title-group>
<contrib-group>
  <contrib contrib-type="author" seq="1" corresp="yes">
    <name>
      <surname>Mushtaq</surname>
      <given-names>Sadia Mushtaq</given-names>
    </name>
    <email>sadia.mushtaq15@gmail.com</email>
    <role vocab="credit" vocab-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/" vocab-term="Conceptualization" vocab-term-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/contributor-roles/conceptualization/">Conceptualization</role>
    <role vocab="credit" vocab-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/" vocab-term="Writing – original draft" vocab-term-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/contributor-roles/writing-original-draft/">Writing – original draft</role>
    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/>
    <xref ref-type="corresp" rid="cor1"/>
  </contrib>
  <contrib contrib-type="author" seq="2">
    <name>
      <surname>Mash&apos;hadi</surname>
      <given-names>Ahmad Farooq Mash&apos;hadi</given-names>
    </name>
    <role vocab="credit" vocab-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/" vocab-term="Writing – review &amp; editing" vocab-term-identifier="https://credit.niso.org/contributor-roles/writing-review-editing/">Writing – review &amp; editing</role>
    <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/>
  </contrib>
  <aff id="aff1">
    <label>1</label>
    <institution-wrap>
      <institution>Department of Education, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan</institution>
    </institution-wrap>
    <named-content content-type="author-role">PhD Scholar</named-content>
    <addr-line>Punjab</addr-line>
    <country>Pakistan</country>
  </aff>
  <aff id="aff2">
    <label>2</label>
    <institution-wrap>
      <institution>Chairman (Rtd), Department of Education, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan</institution>
    </institution-wrap>
    <addr-line>Punjab</addr-line>
    <country>Pakistan</country>
  </aff>
</contrib-group>
<author-notes>
  <corresp id="cor1">Corresponding Author: Sadia Mushtaq, PhD Scholar, Department of Education, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.. Email: <email>sadia.mushtaq15@gmail.com</email></corresp>
<fn fn-type="COI-statement" id="fn-coi">
  <p>The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="ethics-statement" id="fn-ethics">
  <p>This study did not require formal ethics approval.</p>
</fn>
<fn fn-type="data-availability-statement" id="fn-data">
  <p>Data sharing is not applicable to this article.</p>
</fn>
</author-notes>
<pub-date pub-type="epub" date-type="pub" publication-format="electronic">
  <day>31</day>
  <month>03</month>
  <year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="collection">
  <month>03</month>
  <year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date date-type="pub" publication-format="print">
  <day>16</day>
  <month>02</month>
  <year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
  <volume>6</volume>
  <issue>1</issue>
  <season>Winter</season>
  <fpage>85</fpage>
  <lpage>94</lpage>
  <history>
    <date date-type="accepted">
      <day>16</day>
      <month>02</month>
      <year>2022</year>
    </date>
  </history>
<funding-group>
  <funding-statement>
<p>The authors received no specific funding for this work.</p>
  </funding-statement>
</funding-group>
<permissions>
  <copyright-year>2021</copyright-year>
  <copyright-holder>Humanity Publications</copyright-holder>
  <license license-type="open-access" xml:lang="en" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">
    <license-p>This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.</license-p>
  </license>
</permissions>
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<supplementary-material id="suppl-pdf" content-type="pdf" xlink:href="https://gssrjournal.com/pdf/gssr/scdvmTK0NZ.pdf">
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  <abstract>
    <p>The major focus of this study was on the relationship of students&apos; perception of assessment, their exam prep strategies and their achievement (CGPA). The study was correlational, and the survey method was used to find out the research problem. All the public sector universities of Punjab were considered as a population of the study, and only seven (07) public sector universities were taken as a sample. A total number of 1324 students were selected through a simple random sampling technique for the data collection. Two questionnaires, one for students&apos; perception of assessment and the other for students&apos; exam prep strategies, were adapted to collect the data. The collected data were analyzed through mean scores, standard deviation, correlation and t-test. The study findings showed students have different perception and the same exam prep strategies and also concluded a significant relationship between students&apos; perception of assessment, their exam prep strategies and achievement. Based on the results, it is recommended that students should be clearly informed about the assessment practices for the improvement of students&apos; learning.</p>
  </abstract>
<kwd-group kwd-group-type="author-keywords">
  <kwd>Perception of Assessment</kwd>
  <kwd>Exam Prep Strategies</kwd>
  <kwd>Achievement</kwd>
  <kwd>Correlation Study</kwd>
  <kwd>University Level</kwd>
</kwd-group>
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</front>
<body>
<sec id="sec-2">
<sec id="sec-1"><title>The Present Study</title></sec><p>The features of the assessment tasks as recognized by the students are most important to the awareness of students&apos; purpose and progress related results (Alkharusi, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169618">2011</xref>). For this reason, the perception of students about assessment task should be worthy appreciated and investigated. Different students adapted different study methods according to their subject demands and these study methods effects on the students&apos; achievement and enhance their confidence level. Bush and Walsh (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169623">2014</xref>) found that daily classroom tasks are better for high achievement. In addition, Islam et al., (2011) stated that students feel more satisfied when they used variety of study methods for their learning and high achievement. The present study designed to find out the relationship between students&apos; perceptions of assessment, their examination preparation strategies and achievement.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-4">
<sec id="sec-3"><title>Research Questions</title></sec><p>The main objective of the study was to find out the relationship between students&apos; perceptions of assessment, their exam prep strategies and achievement. The following questions addressed the research questions:</p><list list-type="order"><list-item><p>What is students&apos; perception of assessment at university level?</p></list-item><list-item><p>What are students&apos; exam preparation strategies at university level?</p></list-item><list-item><p>Is there any difference between male and female students&apos; perception of assessment and exam prep strategies at university level?</p></list-item><list-item><p>Is there any relationship between students&apos; perception of assessment, their examination preparation strategies and their academic achievement? </p></list-item></list>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-6">
<sec id="sec-5"><title>Research Methodology</title></sec><p>The current study was correlational and to investigate the research problem, survey was conducted. To be more specific, the following procedure was adopted for the present study.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-8">
<sec id="sec-7"><title>Population and Sample of the Study</title></sec><p>There are twenty-five (25) public sector universities in Punjab-Pakistan. All the students of these universities constituted the population of this study. A Sample of seven (7) universities was selected randomly. A total sample of 1324 respondents was selected through simple random sampling techniques by using the table of random numbers from the universities of Punjab-Pakistan for this study.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-10">
<sec id="sec-9"><title>Development, Validation and Administration of Research Tool</title></sec><p>Two questionnaires were adapted for data collection, one questionnaire for students&apos; perception of assessment (Waldrip et al., <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169668">2008</xref>) and second for students&apos; examination preparation strategies (Williams et al., <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169671">2004</xref>).</p><p>With the help of experts of department of Education, BZU, Multan, validity of the instrument was measured. The instrument was piloted tested in UE, Multan Campus. The reliability co-efficient of students&apos; perception of assessment the scale was .77 and .83 was on exam prep strategies. For the administration of questionnaire, the researcher herself visited different universities through multiple contacts for data collection. Porter (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169657">2004</xref>) considered multiple contacts, a successful technique to get a high response rate.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-12">
<sec id="sec-11"><title>Data Analysis and Results</title></sec><p>The data analysis was done in three sections, first section was about descriptive statistics, second section was about differential statistics and third section was about Pearson correlation. To find out the significance of difference between respondents&apos; views on students&apos; perception of assessment and their examination preparation strategies with dependent variable of academic achievement (CGPA). The results were recorded in table (1, 2, 3, 4) and interpreted in the following manner.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-13">
<table-wrap id="table1"><label>Table 1</label><caption><title>Students&apos; Perception of Assessment</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><p><bold>S. No</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Factors </bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Mean</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>SD</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><bold>1</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Congruence with Planned Learning</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>3.80</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>.55</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><bold>2</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Authenticity</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>3.60</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>.75</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><bold>3</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Students&apos; Consultation</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>3.80</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>.74</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><bold>4</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Transparency</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>3.70</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>.58</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><bold>5</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Students&apos; Capabilities</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>3.60</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>.65</bold></p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Table 1 showed the factor wise mean values of students&apos; perception of assessment and students&apos; examination preparation strategies. Two factors (Congruence with Planned Learning and Students&apos; Consultation) have the same mean value (3.80) which shows that students have positive response about the congruence with planned learning and their consultation. The men values of more than 3.00 shows that the majority of students have different perception of assessment.</p>
<sec id="sec-14">
<table-wrap id="table2"><label>Table 2</label><caption><title>Students&apos; Examination Preparation Strategies</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><p><bold>S. No</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Factors </bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Mean</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>SD</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>1</p></td><td><p>Environmentally interactive strategies</p></td><td><p><bold>3.38</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>.66</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>2</p></td><td><p>Environmentally reflective strategies</p></td><td><p><bold>3.80</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>.61</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>3</p></td><td><p>Factual practical strategies</p></td><td><p><bold>3.65</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>.66</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>4</p></td><td><p>Abstract theoretical strategies</p></td><td><p><bold>3.77</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>.65</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>5</p></td><td><p>Organized-planful strategies</p></td><td><p><bold>3.76</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>.64</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>6</p></td><td><p>Personality valued strategies</p></td><td><p><bold>3.67</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>.64</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>7</p></td><td><p>Analytical-Logical strategies</p></td><td><p><bold>3.83</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>.74</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>8</p></td><td><p>Open- ended spontaneous strategies</p></td><td><p><bold>3.37</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>.91</bold></p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Table 2 showed the factor wise mean values of students&apos; exam prep strategies. The highest mean value (3.83, 3.80) shows that most of the students used Analytical-Logical strategies and Environmentally-Reflective strategies. The lowest mean values are 3.37 and 3.38 which show that the less students used the Open-Ended spontaneous strategies and Environmentally-Interactive strategies.</p>
<sec id="sec-15">
<table-wrap id="table3"><label>Table 3</label><caption><title>Gender - Wise Comparison of Students&apos; Perception of Assessment and Students&apos; Examination Preparation Strategies</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td><p><bold>Variables </bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Gender </bold></p></td><td><p><bold>N</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Mean</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>t</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Sig.</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><p><bold>Students&apos; perception of assessment </bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Male </bold></p></td><td><p><bold>485</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>3.68</bold></p></td><td rowspan="2"><p><bold>7.86</bold></p></td><td rowspan="2"><p><bold>.005</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><bold>Female </bold></p></td><td><p><bold>839</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>3.70</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td rowspan="2"><p><bold>Students&apos; exam prep strategies</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>Male </bold></p></td><td><p><bold>485</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>3.66</bold></p></td><td rowspan="2"><p><bold>.491</bold></p></td><td rowspan="2"><p><bold>.483</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p><bold>Female </bold></p></td><td><p><bold>839</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>3.67</bold></p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Table 3 shows the results of t-test which was applied to compare the differences of male and female students&apos; perception of assessment and examination prep strategies. The mean values of students&apos; perception of assessment was (male = 3.68, female = 3.70) and the value of &quot;t&quot; (t= 7.86, sig = .005) was significant which indicates that both male and female have different perception of assessment. On the basis of these values, it was inferred that male and female students perceived assessment in a different way. The mean values of students&apos; exam prep strategies was (male = 3.66, female = 3.67) and &quot;t&quot; values (t= .491, sig = .483) shows the insignificant which means both male and female has same exam preparation styles. It was inferred that there is no difference between the preparation strategies of male and female students.</p>
<sec id="sec-16">
<table-wrap id="table4"><label>Table 4</label><caption><title>Correlation between Students&apos; Perception of Assessment, their Examination Preparation Strategies and their Achievement</title></caption><table><tbody><tr><td> </td><td><p><bold>CGPA</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>F1</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>F2</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>F3</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>F4</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>F5</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>F6</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>F7</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>F8</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>F9</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>F10</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>F11</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>F12</bold></p></td><td><p><bold>F13</bold></p></td></tr><tr><td><p>CGPA</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><p>F1</p></td><td><p>.05</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><p>F2</p></td><td><p>-.02</p></td><td><p>.41</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><p>F3</p></td><td><p>.01</p></td><td><p>.41</p></td><td><p>.45</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><p>F4</p></td><td><p>.09</p></td><td><p>.39</p></td><td><p>.36</p></td><td><p>.46</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><p>F5</p></td><td><p>.04</p></td><td><p>.40</p></td><td><p>.43</p></td><td><p>.39</p></td><td><p>.51</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><p>F6</p></td><td><p>.03</p></td><td><p>.19</p></td><td><p>.27</p></td><td><p>.19</p></td><td><p>.24</p></td><td><p>.26</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><p>F7</p></td><td><p>.14</p></td><td><p>.26</p></td><td><p>.22</p></td><td><p>.27</p></td><td><p>.31</p></td><td><p>.31</p></td><td><p>.36</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><p>F8</p></td><td><p>.03</p></td><td><p>.26</p></td><td><p>.24</p></td><td><p>.25</p></td><td><p>.27</p></td><td><p>.33</p></td><td><p>.37</p></td><td><p>.53</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><p>F9</p></td><td><p>.06</p></td><td><p>.24</p></td><td><p>.25</p></td><td><p>.22</p></td><td><p>.27</p></td><td><p>.32</p></td><td><p>.35</p></td><td><p>.49</p></td><td><p>.56</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><p>F10</p></td><td><p>.05</p></td><td><p>.23</p></td><td><p>.25</p></td><td><p>.24</p></td><td><p>.26</p></td><td><p>.27</p></td><td><p>.22</p></td><td><p>.45</p></td><td><p>.41</p></td><td><p>.49</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><p>F11</p></td><td><p>.04</p></td><td><p>.26</p></td><td><p>.26</p></td><td><p>.29</p></td><td><p>.29</p></td><td><p>.31</p></td><td><p>.34</p></td><td><p>.48</p></td><td><p>.49</p></td><td><p>.51</p></td><td><p>.53</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td> </td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><p>F12</p></td><td><p>.07</p></td><td><p>.23</p></td><td><p>.19</p></td><td><p>.25</p></td><td><p>.26</p></td><td><p>.24</p></td><td><p>.23</p></td><td><p>.51</p></td><td><p>.47</p></td><td><p>.45</p></td><td><p>.45</p></td><td><p>.49</p></td><td><p>1</p></td><td> </td></tr><tr><td><p>F13</p></td><td><p>-.11</p></td><td><p>.13</p></td><td><p>.15</p></td><td><p>.07</p></td><td><p>.11</p></td><td><p>.15</p></td><td><p>.25</p></td><td><p>.19</p></td><td><p>.25</p></td><td><p>.23</p></td><td><p>.19</p></td><td><p>.32</p></td><td><p>.22</p></td><td><p>1</p></td></tr></tbody></table></table-wrap>
</sec>
<p>Note: Congruence with Planned Learning= 1, Authenticity=2, Students&apos; Consultation =3, Transparency =4, Students&apos; Capabilities= 5, Environmentally-Interactive strategies = 6, Environmentally-Reflective strategies = 7, Factual-Practical strategies =8, Abstract- Theoretical strategies =9, Organized-Planful strategies = 10, Personality-Valued strategies = 11, Analytical-Logical strategies = 12, Open-Ended Spontaneous strategies =13</p><p>Table 4 shows the inter-correlation between the five (5) factors of students&apos; perception of assessment, eight (8) factors of examination preparation strategies and CGPA. The calculated values of &quot;r&quot; were between -.02 and .53. The correlation values of following pair of factors namely: (F4 &amp; F5), (F7 &amp; 12), (F7 &amp; F8), (F8 + F9), (F9 + F11) and (F10 + F11) were relatively higher (between .51 and .53) than others. This indicates that &apos;students&apos; capabilities and environmentally-interactive strategies, &apos;environmentally-reflective strategies and analytical-logical strategies, &apos;environmentally-reflective strategies and factual-practical strategies&apos;, &apos;factual-practical strategies and abstract- theoretical strategies&apos;, abstract- theoretical strategies and personality-valued strategies&apos; and  &apos;organized-planful strategies and personality-valued strategies&apos;, has a moderate level of positive relationship. The remaining factors were weekly positive correlation with each other (&quot;r&quot; values are between .01 and .49). CGPA was very low positive correlations with all the factors (i.e. in 11) except two factors were negatively correlated. Overall, the independent factors of students&apos; perception of assessment, exam prep strategies were correlated with each other and with CGPA. Except two factors, one of authenticity of assessment (r = -.02) and the other open-ended spontaneous strategies (r = -.11) which were negatively correlated with CGPA.</p>
<sec id="sec-18">
<sec id="sec-17"><title>Discussion</title></sec><p>The study was focused to find out the relationship between students&apos; perception of assessment, their exam prep strategies and achievement. Alkharusi et al., (2014) observed interrelations among perception of students about assessment objectives and the assessment process and found out statistically significant differences in gender relate the perceptions of assessment. Cheng et al., (2015) stated that learning oriented assessment depend on the congruence with planned learning and performance-oriented assessment depends on the teachers&apos; consultation with students.</p><p>The current study findings revealed that some aspects of students&apos; exam preparation styles have relationship with achievement (CGPA) except one aspect of open ended and spontaneous strategies. The study comes out with the results that male and female students haven&apos;t any impact on their perception of assessment as well as exam preparation styles of students.</p><p>In addition, Bhatti and Bart (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169621">2013</xref>) conducted a study and viewed that male and female students have different strategies of preparation. As mostly females prefer to practice concrete information while conceptualization is preferred by males. The results of the study by Lau and Yuen (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169649">2010</xref>) are as vice versa that mostly of the male preferred concrete knowledge whereas females liked the abstract material.</p><p>The outcomes of study (Gao, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169633">2012</xref>) disclosed that students, despite of gender, very powerfully experience that there is a similarity among mathematics learning room assessment and planned learning. The current study results also concluded that there is irrelevant disparity of gender views about students&apos; exam preparation methods and there is no disparity among CGPA of male and female students, both candidates have same progress level and have not any influence on perception of student and also their exam preparation methods.</p><p>Moreover, the study of Coeetze (2012) found that the abstract- theoretical strategies was highest mean (50.98) and men score of factual-practical strategies was (43.51) and 43.24 mean score was organized- planful strategies were obtained while the least preferred strategies by students was environmental-interactive exam preparation strategies. Williams et al., (2004) stated that when students used the organized planful approach for study, then they become ahead of deadlines because of completing the overall content material and assignment.</p><p>The study result of Gulikers et al., (2006) found that if teaching and assessment both focus on the learning of students then students&apos; achievement will be improved. Struyven et al., (2005) stated a very strong relationship of students&apos; perception of assessment with their way of learning. Struyven et al., as well explained the progress in efficiencies of student while students undergo involved in the choice of assessment mode (Gao, <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169633">2012</xref>).</p><p>The study gives evidence that students&apos; exam standard is affected by their ways of learning in preparing for the examination (Ng et al., <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169655">2011</xref>) and their progress of education (Naimie et al., <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169654">2010</xref>). Coetzee (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169625">2012</xref>) stated that the students&apos; learning and their study plans relevant to collecting and utilizing knowledge (exercise and theoretical concept) which come out to have importantly supported the students&apos; engagement with educational tasks and their use of education sources. The abstract- theoretical learning strategies also predicted the students&apos; achievement, whereas the factual-practical and analytical-logical preparation of exam study plans also predicted their educational behavior that promote progressive achievement of students. Study has highlighted that students&apos; effective participation in their studies improves their learning abilities (Coetzee &amp; Oosthuizen <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169625">2012</xref>).</p><p>Viljoen (<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169667">2012</xref>) also supported this idea that students&apos; more engagement with their study will enhance their achievement level. Moreover, progress of students&apos; and efficiency is affected by their learning abilities and styles of learning (Felder &amp; Brent <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref169632">2005</xref>). Entwistle et al., (2001) stated that if students planned and organized their study methods as well as effective time management will successes them to achieve high scores in their examination.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="sec-20">
<sec id="sec-19"><title>Conclusion and Recommendations</title></sec><p>The study concludes that different students have different perception of assessment and also adopt different exam prep strategies. The study also analyzed significant relationship between students&apos; perception of assessment, exam prep strategies and achievement. The findings concluded significance difference between genders perception of assessment and insignificant difference views about their exam prep strategies.</p><p>This study recommends that teachers should to improve their assessment practices and to align the assessment practices with learning tasks. Teachers should also clearly inform the objectives and methods of assessment to students.  The findings of the study could be significant for the college administration, policymakers (especially at higher education level), educationists, researchers, and curriculum experts to realize the importance of students&apos; perception of assessment and their exam prep strategies towards reflective practice and its practice for growth and development of students.</p><p><break/></p>
</sec>
</body>
<back>
<fn-group content-type="conflict-of-interest">
  <title>Conflict of Interest</title>
  <fn fn-type="conflict">
<p>The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.</p>
  </fn>
</fn-group>
<fn-group content-type="ethics-statement">
  <title>Ethics Statement</title>
  <fn fn-type="ethics">
<p>This study did not require formal ethics approval.</p>
  </fn>
</fn-group>
<fn-group content-type="data-availability">
  <title>Data Availability</title>
  <fn fn-type="data-availability-statement">
<p>Data sharing is not applicable to this article.</p>
  </fn>
</fn-group>
<app-group>
  <app id="app-suppl">
    <title>Supplementary Materials</title>
<supplementary-material id="suppl-pdf" content-type="pdf" xlink:href="https://gssrjournal.com/pdf/gssr/scdvmTK0NZ.pdf">
  <label>PDF</label>
  <caption>
    <title>Full Text PDF</title>
  </caption>
</supplementary-material>
  </app>
</app-group>
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