The Transition from a Command to a Market Economy: Is Kazakhstan a Success Story in terms of Economic Performance?
Kazakhstan has made considerable progress in shifting from command to a market economy. The transition process towards a “market economy was expected to enhance the economic performance” of the country which in turn was anticipated to uplift the life of a common man. This study, therefore, aims“ to examine the impact of economic freedom on economic growth” of Kazakhstan. The results indicate that though the reform process of Kazakhstan is in a transition phase, yet economic freedom has contributed positively“ towards the economic growth” of the country.“The results also indicate that in sub-indicators of economic freedom, monetary freedom” and protection of property right have contributed to the growth of Kazakhstans economy while an increase in government size impedes the economic growth of the country."
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Transition, Market economy, Reforms, Economic Freedom
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(1) Shaukat Hussain
PhD Scholar,Department of International Relations,Preston University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Javed Iqbal
Associate Professor,School of Economics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(3) Zulfaqar Ali Chughtai
Professor,Department of International Relations, Preston University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
A Crisis of Status Quo or Power Transition Amidst China Rise: An Integrative Review of a Literature
This article reviews China's rise in the context of Status Quo or Power Transition in international society. A growing power strives to gain its power, prestige, and position among the comity of nations. A rising power can be a rival, or it supports the status quo of global governance. This review showed that there is no power transition in the global order whereas, Beijing is willing to engage or cooperate with the USA and existing institutions to keep the status quo of the power. China is not in a hasty mood to replace the American global order, but it will continue to push softly for multipolarity.
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Status Quo, Power Transition, China, US, Peaceful Rise, Soft Power, and Bandwagoning
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(1) Pervaiz Ali Mahesar
Department of Political Science, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
(2) Ali Khan Ghumro
Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan.
(3) Iftikhar Ali
Assistant Professor, Department of International Relations, Karakoram International University, Gilgit, Pakistan.