The study aimed to assess the impact of implementing Six Sigma practices on teaching effectiveness. This exploratory research, conducted at the University of Okara, centred on teachers from various departments. Qualitative data was gathered via semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that faculty members were unintentionally addressing three phases (define, measure, and analyze) of the Six Sigma process due to a lack of awareness. Students were knowledgeable about their educational standards and rights, and their issues were addressed when communicated. However, the remaining two phases (improvement and control) of Six Sigma were neglected by university teachers, with quantity taking precedence over quality. Teachers acquainted with Six Sigma practices demonstrated greater teaching effectiveness. The study recommends raising awareness among teaching staff about Six Sigma practices and ensuring their implementation for better outcomes. Expanding the data collection scope for result triangulation is also suggested.

This paper will analyze the progress and the failure of Pakistan to implement the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) within the period of 2015 to 2024. In 2011, Pakistan ratified the CRPD and did some federal and provincial changes in laws to foster inclusion and rights of persons with disabilities. Despite these formal promises, difficulties still lie ahead in the interpretation of laws and policies into effective educational, employment access and social engagement outcomes. The study uses a qualitative, descriptive-analytical approach and relies on secondary data, such as, official reports, laws, and scholarly materials. Based on Capability Approach and State Capacity Theory, used to connect institutional capacity with the actual inclusion outcomes. The study will also help in giving a comprehensive review of the legal reform, policy measures, and institutional initiatives, during 2015-2024 in Pakistan in order to adhere to the international disability rights provisions.