This study examines the cause of evil and the emergence of serial killers' personalities, focusing on Jeffrey Dahmer and Javed Iqbal. Central to this investigation is the debate over whether killers are born evil or shaped by their experiences, highlighting the interplay between nature and nurture in creating notorious criminals. The research explores psychological, cultural, and societal influences on deviant behaviors, incorporating criminology, sociology, and forensic psychology insights. Additionally, it critiques the media’s portrayal of serial killers and its impact on societal perceptions, questioning the media’s role in shaping and understanding evil. By closely examining Dahmer and Iqbal through multiple lenses, this study promotes a deeper understanding of the complex processes underlying  criminal behavior and challenges cultural narratives that may perpetuate evil.

This study investigates subject-verb agreement errors in academic writing by BS English students, aiming to enhance their writing proficiency. Despite learning grammatical rules like subject-verb agreement, students frequently struggle to apply these rules correctly. Using a mixed-method approach, data was collected both quantitatively and qualitatively. The findings revealed four types of errors: subject-verb agreement of person (SV1), number (SV2), subject (SV3), and coordinated subject (SV4). No errors were observed for notional agreement and proximity (SV5). Errors in SV1, representing a person's simple subject-verb agreement, were the most frequent. The dominant source of these errors was identified as intralingual factors. The study concludes by offering practical solutions to help students and educators address these challenges effectively, contributing to improved academic writing skills for BS English learners.

This research study explores the relationship between green marketing strategies and Pakistani consumers' green buying intentions (GBI), with a focus on the moderating effect of greenwashing. Data was collected quantitatively from 60 participants, covering a variety of different attributes such as age, income level, occupation, and education. The results showed that green pricing strategies have less effect on GBI than green product, place, and promotional initiatives. Altogether the paper highlights that greenwashing has a negative moderating effect on the association between green marketing strategies and GBI, demonstrating that consumers' perception of false environmental promises may hinder marketing endeavors.

Subjects' selection for secondary school students is an important activity. This study investigated factors associated with subjects' selection of secondary level students. Objectives of the study were: finding out factors associated with subjects' selection of secondary school students and developing recommendations for appropriate subjects' selection. The design of the study was quantitative. The population was 30439 students. A sample of 380 was made through a simple random procedure.  A questionnaire was developed as a tool for collecting data. The tool was self-used for data collection, and the data were analyzed with mean scores and a test of chi-square. The factors associated with students' subject selection were found to be parents, guardians, teachers, and siblings. Students' personal characteristics and outcomes of careers were also associated with the selection of subjects. Career guidance facilities for subject selection were recommended. Further orientation seminars were needed at the beginning of new sessions to assist students in subject selection.

In Pakistan, most of the population is multilingual owing to their ethnolinguistic identities.  However, Urdu and English are used as contact languages and considered more prestigious than indigenous languages. The present study focuses on the Saraiki language shift due to the parents' inclination to use Urdu and English while socializing with their children. The present study used a purposive sampling technique to select ten parents with Saraiki ethnolinguistic identity from Multan city. Following the mixed-method approach, the data were collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The thematic analysis was attempted in the light of the 'taxonomic model' by Karan (2008), to identify the motivational factors involved in the Saraiki language shift. The findings exhibit that the parents do not use Saraiki language while communicating with their children. The study recommends sensitizing the parents by organizing various linguistic literacy programmes to reverse the process of the Saraiki language shift.