The Role of Generative AI in Shaping Media Narratives
Generative AI is becoming more and more involved in newsrooms, and the implications of it on framing, sourcing, and trust are under-researched. The paper is a combination of content analysis (politics, health, technology), randomized experiment (n=800), and semi-structured interviews with reporters. The findings indicated that AI-mediated articles were more understandable and coherent but lacked diversity in the sources and were more based on official voices. AI-only stories were otherwise penalized in terms of trust, and AI+editor stories minimized this difference. Interviews highlighted the positive aspects of AI as a speedy and innovative tool, but also mentioned prejudice, illusions, and disclosure expenses. The paper recommends the use of AI alongside editorial values, disclosure, and source variability as a way of ensuring trust. The policy suggestions are to enhance the quality of provenance and to promote diversity of documented sources in AI-assisted journalism.
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Generative Ai; Media Narratives; Framing; Source Diversity; Audience Trust; Algorithmic Gatekeeping; Provenance
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(1) Robina Saeed
Assistant Professor, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Saadia Qamar
M.Phil, School of Media and Communication Studies, Minhaj University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Maryam Hashmi
PhD Scholar, Department of Media and Communication Studies, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
The Impact of Generative AI on Journalistic Credibility and Trust
Generative AI is potentially efficient in the newsrooms, but raises concerns about the issue of credibility and trust. We evaluate its effect and the results of 600 articles each with a stratified content analysis of each production mode (human/AI-assisted/AI-generated) and with disclosure (none/minimal/rich) (1) to determine its effect on accuracy, sourcing, and correction latency; (2) a preregistered 3 × 3 experiment manipulating production mode and disclosure (none/minimal/rich) to determine its effect on perceived article credibility and brand trust. Higher error and hallucination rates and fewer named sources, and slower corrections of AI-generated items are demonstrated by content analysis. Minimal AI labels diminish credibility and trust experimentally, but rich, process-level disclosure, naming, editorial verification, and sources mitigate penalties of work assisted by AI. We give policy and legitimacy implications to the newsroom.
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Generative AI; Journalism; Credibility; Audience Trust; Disclosure Transparency; Human-In-The-Loop; Algorithm Aversion; AI Literacy; Brand Trust
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(1) Amrat Haq
Assistant Professor, Department of Media and Communications, International Islamic University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
The Doctrine of Latent Copyrights: Protecting Generative AI Models through Representational Layers
Generative artificial intelligence systems not only produce expressive outputs, but also provide rich latent spaces, i.e., mathematical objects that express the semantic relation among the training data. These unique representational strata represent creative associations and redefine the traditional limits of copyright law. The article introduces the concept of Latent Copyrights, which proposes the provision of copyright protection to intermediate representations of the products generated by AI. It examines the use of computational creativity for the purpose of copyright protection. Engaging in a comparative analysis of the copyright regimes of the U.S., U.K., and E.U., this study suggests a relative system to ensure the protection of innovation, interoperability, and responsibility. The aim is to streamline the Latent Copyright theory of intellectual property with the technicalities of machine learning by offering a paradigm that conceptualizes representational layers of an AI-generated product as a medium of Copyright.
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Latent Copyright, Generative AI, Intellectual Property, Trade Secrets, Computational Creativity
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(1) Ali Nawaz Khan
Assistant Professor, University Law College, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Bakht Munir
Postdoctoral Fellow, The University of Kansas School of Law, USA.
(3) Ahmed Raza
LLM Scholar, Pennsylvania State University, USA.
Artificial Intelligence in Digital Marketing: A Scopus-Based Science-Mapping Review of Themes, Intellectual Structure, and Research Frontiers
This study maps the intellectual structure and thematic evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) in digital marketing through a bibliometric analysis of 827 Scopus-indexed articles (1986–2026). Utilizing Bibliometrix and VOSviewer, performance analysis and science mapping reveal recent, accelerated growth across interdisciplinary outlets. China, the US, and India lead productivity, while Malaysia, Jordan, Australia, and the UK drive international collaboration. Thematic mapping identifies machine learning for commerce and consumer behavior as a dominant motor theme. In contrast, human-centric social media research remains a specialized niche, and generative AI emerges as a fast-growing frontier. Furthermore, co-citation networks expose a three-pillar intellectual foundation rooted in digital transformation, quantitative methodology, and technology adoption behavior. Ultimately, this long-horizon science map highlights strategic opportunities to integrate emerging generative AI and human-centric approaches with established, analytics-driven marketing frameworks.
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Artificial Intelligence, Digital Marketing, Bibliometric Analysis, Machine Learning, Generative AI
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(1) Rao Usama Bin Nasir
Brunel Business School, Brunel University London, United Kingdom (UK).
(2) Shahid Mahmood
Research Officer, College of Commerce, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Nasir Abbas
Lecturer, College of Commerce, Government College University, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
