This study investigates the prevalence and forms of hate speech and disinformation in the posts of Pakistani populist leaders on Twitter. A total of ten populist leaders’ Twitter accounts were examined through quantitative content analysis. The variables for the hate speech and disinformation were derived from available literature. The results showed that the selected populist leaders tweets contained a sizable amount of disinformation and hate speech. This phenomenon has serious implications for democracy and social cohesion in Pakistan. We emphasize a viable legal frameworks and critical media literacy education to deal with this malaise.

This study examines the presentation of educational news in Pakistani regional newspapers, comparing coverage in urban and rural contexts. Utilizing a Google Form survey, it aimed to identify disparities in information coverage, analyze the portrayal of rural educational issues, and evaluate the standards of education journalism. While the exploratory data collection involved 18 responses from diverse demographics across various provinces, the initial analysis indicates an urban-centric bias in educational reporting, underrepresentation of rural educational issues, and differing reader perceptions on the quality and significance of educational news. These findings underscore key areas for further investigation into the media's role in educational discourse.