This study analyses the influence of high-performance work systems on organizational performance. As, previous studies have mostly focused on individual HR practices in determining the influence of HR practices on performance so research is needed to analyze the combined effect of HRM practices as system to understand the importance of HR on performance. Based on AMO framework, this study investigated the effect of HR system on organizational performance using employees’ perspectives in highly interdependent work settings. In this study, primary data was obtained from 218 bank branches in collaboration with Institute of bankers Pakistan and bank management in the form of managers’ and employees’ perceptions about HPWS and its effect on performance. Results suggest that HPWS was significantly linked to deposits, advances and unit level profitability. Results pointed out new insights to HPWSperformance literature from employees perspectives.

Language is product of four skills: reading, writing, listening and speaking. English language learning and examination has been reduced to reading and writing in Pakistan, at the University level. However, English Speaking Skills (ESS) are in high demand in professional life. ESS require testing and grading like English writing skills. This study is based on developing ESS through testing criteria. A survey of university freshmen was used to collect data. Using Kim's (2010) testing scales, the freshmen's ESS progress was gauged through their speaking performances. As a case study, this research used a longitudinal approach (two academic semesters) with a mixed methods approach. University English Language Teachers' (UELTs) and University Administrators /Management's (UANM) interviews were analyzed textually. A criterion as a yardstick helped the learners to fit in to the optimum.

Prior literature reports that macro-economic factors of a country affect stock exchange performance and thus firm performance. Recent strands of literature and the fluctuations in currency have a substantive effect on countries' economies. These fluctuations are also a cause of price fluctuations of imports and exports. One such factor which directly affects firm performance is the oil price fluctuations. Thus, this thesis empirically investigates the effect of oil price fluctuations on firm risk for the firms listed on PSX for the period 2012-2017. Secondary data is taken from SBP, Balance Sheet Analysis Database, Pakistan Stock Exchange and the company's website in some cases. Using Panel data, results show that oil prices increase firm risk (beta), which indicates that market participants react to change in oil prices and thus increases risks. The study indicates that policymakers need to control oil prices to keep firm risk in control and thus manage the market towards a better investment environment.

The paper aims to extend the resource-based view to dynamic capability view under dynamic environment, by investigating the effects of three strategic orientations (i.e., customer, competitor, and technology) on firm performance mediated through dynamic capabilities. A sample of 180 pharmaceutical firms of Pakistan was drawn using simple random sampling. Data was collected through a self-administrated questionnaire and analyzed using the variance-based structural equation modeling. The findings demonstrated that customer, competitor, and technology orientations have both a direct and indirect relationship with firm performance. The study offers Pakistani pharmaceutical firms a better comprehension of their strategic orientations and demonstrates how the alignment of strategic orientations with dynamic capabilities may result in better firm performance.

The key aim of current research is to investigate the influence of CG on financial performance (FP) and capital structure (CS) of cement companies listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). To accomplish this purpose, twenty cement firms listed on the PSX was deployed from 2005 to 2014. Auto-correlation and heteroscedasticity were tested and Regression analyses were used to test the hypotheses. SPSS 21 is conducted to perform the analyses.CG is analyzed via board size, board independence, and institutional ownership while, return on assets and return on equity are employed to analyze FP, whereas CS is calculated via debt to equity. The outcomes document that CG positively affects FP, however, negatively impact CS. This research not only contributes to examining the impact and association between CG, FP, and CS but also prove the outcomes of previous studies that have presented a significant influence and association between CG, FP, and CS.

European Union passed a resolution in 2002, which bound all the listed companies and firms and required the consolidated and simple accounts to use Financial Reporting Standards starting from January 2005. It will improve firm performance and will have an influence on the information environment for the listed firms. This study provides empirical and theoretical literature regarding the adoption of IFRS, accounting Conservatism and firm performance. This paper provides different theories that discuss the impact of IFRS and accounting conservatism on a firm performance that includes positive accounting theory, modernization theory, contingency theory, and world system theory.

Merger and acquisition (M&A) is a growth policy for business to achieve desire objectives. Its importance is showed by the number of transaction in the previous year. Thus, this study is conducted to know about the influence of M&A on firm performance. The current study is to identify the influence of M&A (pre and post) on bidding banks in Pakistan. And then to analyze factors of firm, industry and countrylevel effect the financial performance of M&A firms. For this purpose, selected 51 listed bidder banks during 2002-2013 and used descriptive statistics, Z test, and regression models for analysis. Results show that M&A is failed to produce a fruitful result for bidding banks in Pakistan. Hence, recommended that direction and practical implication are provided to banks, investors, and policymakers to get knowledge about M&A to secure their investment from financial losses.

The current investigation is a struggle to find the University’s environment’s contributions to the teachers’ performance in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The overall population under this study was 4000 teachers and 79000 students enrolled in 19 universities of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Different sampling techniques were used at different levels (Multistage). At the first stage out of 19 public sectors HEC recognized general universities, only six universities were selected through simple random sample technique. At second stage a stratified random sample of 270 students of six universities was taken for this study. Two questionnaire one for performance of teachers and second for internal environment was used. The ANOVA, t-statistic and Regression were used. The result shows the significant contributions of environment in the teachers’ performance

This paper is an attempt to explore the buffering role of environmental factors and access to financial capital on entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and SMEs performance relationship in Pakistan. The population of the study consists of all the SMEs that are operated in KPK, Pakistan. We select the sample from the Peshawar division, which includes three districts i.e. Peshawar, Charssada and Nowshehra. The study used a multistage cluster sampling technique. Through this technique, the study finally selects the 254 organization from the selected population. The managerial levels employees of SMEs were the respondents of the study and the responses were gathered through a structure questionnaire. The study found a significant positive relationship between EO and firm SMEs performance. It is also found that the relationship between EO and SMEs performance is moderated by access to financial capital. Furthermore, EF did not affect the relationship.

This research work empirically assesses the relationship between the Quality Culture (QC) practices and core practices of Quality Management System (QMS) and investigates their direct and indirect influences on organizational performance. Data for this research work is collected from 80 Technical Services Organizations of Pakistan through mail survey and the proposed framework and hypotheses have been examined through Structural Equation Modelling. The results of hypotheses show that synergies among QCPractices have a positive impact on QMS-Core practices as well as organizational performance. Moreover, QMSCore practices mediate the relationship between QC-Practices and organizational performance. This empirically validated model can be used as a benchmark by future researchers for further examinations in other industries sectors, especially in manufacturing.