This study examined ten cement businesses that are listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) to determine the impact that working capital management has on a company's profitability. A systematic selection technique was used to choose every tenth of Pakistan's cement industry for the study. The websites of these cement businesses' annual reports were used to gather primary data. Financial ratios were used in the study and quantitative data analysis was used to determine whether the link between the variables was positive or negative. Since a variety of factors also affect return, we added the control variables of firm size (sales log) and sales growth. According to study findings, the Payable Deferred Period (PDP) has a favourable influence on profitability, the Return on Assets has a negative impact on the inventory collection period, and the Receivable Collection Period and PDP are
independent variables, but their relationship is not very strong.

This qualitative study has been conducted under the interpretivist paradigm to explore the research difficulties faced by the MPhil Scholars during their MPhil Thesis phase. There were 25 MPhil Scholars studying in five Universities based in the Punjab who have been selected purposively for this study. These Scholars were enrolled in the MPhil, Education program. The data have been collected with the help of a semi-structured interview protocol comprising 12 questions. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the collected data. The results revealed that the majority of the students were not forced to select their supervisor on teachers’ referrals. However, the majority of the students were not given the opportunity to select their topics for research, rather their supervisors allotted them the topics. Similarly, their supervisors and even the chairperson(s) of the department(s) were not easily available to them. The students also have faced issues regarding access to the university E-library, needed books from the library and paid content, etc.

These factors contain a variety of intangible socio-psychological motivations that represent an individual's intrinsic desires and push consumers towards certain behavior patterns that are goal-driven.On the other hand, "pull" factors, which are connected to the athlete, allude to the many diverse elements of a football game. It is very necessary to have a better knowledge of the push–pull interaction for players to be able to play in a way that will fulfill the expectations of coaches who have varying demands. The qualitative method was used to gather the information from the participants. The push-and-pull coaching philosophy was found to be most closely related to the tactical and technical aspects of the game, according to the findings of the analysis. Instead of functioning as a clear guide to examine and support each coach's particular practice, coaching philosophy served instead as a signifier in power relations, which allowed it to rationalize coaching practices.

This study investigates the prevalence and forms of hate speech and disinformation in the posts of Pakistani populist leaders on Twitter. A total of ten populist leaders’ Twitter accounts were examined through quantitative content analysis. The variables for the hate speech and disinformation were derived from available literature. The results showed that the selected populist leaders tweets contained a sizable amount of disinformation and hate speech. This phenomenon has serious implications for democracy and social cohesion in Pakistan. We emphasize a viable legal frameworks and critical media literacy education to deal with this malaise.

The present study was an attempt to understand how emotions are related to academic stress. Emotions are an integral part of a human’s life. The nature of this study was correlational. Students from Education department at the undergraduate university level were selected as a population from both public and private sector universities in Lahore, Pakistan. Questionaries were used to collect data. To explore the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic stress multiple regression analysis was applied. For comparison between two groups like gender independent sample t-test was used and for comparison between more than two groups like different age groups, one-way ANOVA was applied. The results revealed that students with higher EI suffer less academic stress than others as they are more cognizant of their emotions.

Apart from a few bibliometric studies of limited scope, the Pakistani scientific system is a scantly researched area requiring large-scale empirical evidence-based studies. This study aims to explore various features of collaboration in research and its impact on the performance of computer scientists in Pakistan. Over 15,494 SCOPUS-indexed publications in the area of computer science for the period 1997 to 2017, having at least one Pakistani author, were analyzed. The findings of the study disclosed the important role of collaboration in the citation count of the publications. International collaborative works and the more countries in collaboration significantly impacted the number of citations. The study's findings revealed that collaborative publications are more frequently cited and considered of high quality. This study is the first large-scale quantitative analysis of research collaboration, represented by co-authorship in computer science research in Pakistan.

Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) have brought about a new medium for information sharing and communication and weblogs are becoming more and more popular in the virtual sphere. The process of code- switching can be traced in this fast evolving medium of communication. This paper aims at investigating the existence of code-switching patterns by examining the categories and frequency of Urdu code-switches in Pakistani English weblogs authored by Pakistani bloggers. The quantitative and qualitative approaches were used in this study. The blog entries of 10 Pakistani bloggers were analyzed by using the descriptive research paradigm. The findings illustrated that the linguistic choices of Pakistani bloggers as bilingual internet users are living in between two worlds, two cultures, and two languages which they employ in this mode of communication to fully express themselves. The findings showed the linguistic features that are particular to the context of CMC. The study concluded that the presence of code-switching in CMC have to be considered and treated as a unique and different entity from spoken form or written form of code-switching to capture its fundamental attributes.

After the incident of 9/11, Afghanistan emerged as a terrorist state before the face of the world. To eradicate the militant factors the USA initiated a war against terror with the help of her allies on the soil of Afghanistan. This paper aims to analyze the efforts of Pakistan to bring harmony, peace and development to Afghanistan. The Afghan political scenario is a "multi-political scenario" in which different types of stakeholders show their political legitimacy over the masses. The capitalist class led by the USA and the socialist class by the Russians are the antagonistic factors in this regard. Another major group in this regard is the Islamic agenda group, having a culture of arms and is also a main participant in the Afghan political setup. The political legitimacy of the different groups has de-railed whole the system on the verge of chaos. The main focus of this paper is to determine the struggles of Pakistan to restore the true political system in Afghanistan through the participation of all the stakeholders in the scenario.

One of the recent developments in South Asian historiography is the adoption of new approaches for each of its sub-disciplines. Historiographical scholarship has also discovered new avenues including exploration of the ignored and marginalized aspects of history. Muhammad Iqbal Chawla is one of such academicians who has left a strong mark on the field of historiography by making multifaceted and original contributions. These can be ascertained by a comprehensive assessment of his entire intellectual cum scholarly sojourn. Dr Chawla has attempted to create to put a new face in the varied field of historiography in Pakistan and he has largely succeeded in his endeavour. The main aim of this research paper is to assess his contribution. This objective can best be achieved by a thorough perusal of his contributions to historiography from multiple perspectives as the author has tried to do so in this article.

The paper explores Pakistani graduate EFL learners' attitudes towards the increasing significance of the English language at national and global levels in the contemporary world. The analysis adopts a qualitative style, using twenty interviews to gain painstaking insights into the learners' linguistic attitudes. The research scrutinizes the socio, contextual and cultural factors that impact Pakistani learners' perceptions of English. The study reveals that while Pakistani learners appear uncertain about English in addition to its culture, they have adopted the educational and social functions of the language. The outcomes indicate the linguistic imperialism and symbolic capital of English, as individuals contemplate it as essential for socioeconomic advancement in Pakistan. The study's results can help academicians and officials assess the potential impacts of English on the roles of local languages, particularly in Pakistan's education system.