This research explored the relationship of children's temperament dimensions with perceived parenting style during middle childhood. It was quantitative research based on correlational design. The sample comprised of 7 to 11 years old children attending mainstream school and their parents selected through convenient sampling from different schools of Lahore. Temperament in Middle Childhood Questionnaire and Parental Perception Questionnaire was used for data collection. The results indicated that authoritative parenting style shared a significant positive relationship with positive temperamental traits like surgency and effortful control), whereas negative affectivity temperamental dimension had a significant positive association with permissive and authoritarian parenting styles. Significant gender differences were witnessed in perceived parenting styles and temperamental dimensions. Findings were discussed in the context of previous research studies.

The study analyzed practitioners' perceptions about professional learning practices at higher secondary level in public and private sector. The components of professional learning practices were teaching learning process, students' development, teachers' professional relationship and service, institutional development and personal and professional growth. The objectives of this paper focused on checking practitioners' insights regarding above given components. The sample of the study were 633 practitioners. Major findings were that there was no major difference in perceptions of both sector teachers about teaching learning and students' development. The practitioners of private schools showed more interest in professional relationship, institutional development, personal and professional growth. It is recommended that institutional administration may make it mandatory for practitioners to prepare professional teaching portfolio and may design professional development courses about building their competency in classroom management. The administration of public schools may plan professional learning communities and knowledge sharing societies through launching collaborative campaigns.

Organizations claim to make policy changes for betterment in the workplace, improving operations or creating a safer environment for employees. But employees' initial reaction is often resistance to these changes unless they are convinced with the claim. This paper compares the opinions of teaching faculty of public and private universities on company policy and practices, sub variable of job satisfaction.The population contained all teaching faculty of universities in KP province. For drawing sample, universties selection was done randomly. Fourteen universities were selected through simple random sampling method out of 30 universites. 420 respondents were randomly selected from the population. Data collection was done through Minnesota Questionnaire. Insignificant difference is reported between the opinions of teaching faculty of these two sector universities on company policy and practices domain of their job satisfaction

or enhancing the quality of teachers, the Government of Pakistan introduced the National Professional Standards for Teachers in 2009. The study was qualitative in nature. A case study design was adopted to conduct the research. A purposive criterion sampling technique was used to select the sample. A semi-structured interview and observation checklist was developed by the researcher. The instruments were validated and improved in the light of expertsÂ’ opinions. Research ethics were observed during the study and before the data collection. Themes were generated and interpreted which were relevant to the research questions of the study. The findings of the study indicate that public sector teachers have command of the subject matter knowledge, but lesson planning and proper assessment are missing. It is being recommended that awareness about the National Professional Standards must be created among public sector teachers and teachers should be made bound for planning their instructions according to standards.

This study uses a thematic approach to analyse engaged journalism projects. This research analyzed more than 50 cases covered and breaks down case studies from the past into three main categories which are; random acts of empowerment, content collaborations and facilitating conversations. Further categorization identified new strategies for community outreach practices.One of the findings is that about a quarter of the cases are not about engaged audiences in content creation but rather about engaging citizens. Engaged journalism can evolve society and this is being accepted by the media and its role as a community organizer. This changed concept will help journalists and media scholars to understand what they need to do when talking about engaged journalism.

In this multiple case study, the focus was on how teachers in the selected schools in Narowal cultivate values in their secondary school students. To attain a comprehensive understanding, twenty teachers were purposefully selected for interviews. Qualitative content analysis using NVivo 12 software was used to analyse the gathered data. The research found that these teachers employed diverse approaches to teaching values education. They incorporated storytelling, moral dilemmas, Islamic quotes, examples, activities, games, and projects into their practices. Furthermore, they aimed to foster a positive atmosphere in the classroom by endorsing respect, cooperation, tolerance, and empathy among students. However, the teachers felt hindered by several challenges. They highlighted time constraints due to curriculum overload, the presence of large class sizes, test-oriented educational systems, a diverse student population, and limited resources as factors impeding their effectiveness. Following these findings, it is recommended across society and administration levels that support should be provided to aid secondary school teachers in delivering effective values education.

This research paper is an attempt to understand and review the prevailing criminal investigation system and the criminal investigation procedures in the context of Pakistan.It also aims to analyze the modern techniques of criminal investigation being used around the globe and focus on remodeling the investigation system of Pakistan based on modern-day techniques and scientific instruments. The study employed qualitative methodology. Field research, surveys, different principles, approaches, and backgrounds used in the research were derived from assessments of law books, reports, newspapers, journals, and articles. A comparative analysis between one of the modern-day investigation systems, i.e., the United States, is drawn so that a better idea could be obtained of how the investigation system can remodel, based on modern trends and what loopholes need to be addressed. The findings provide insights that can be constructive for reforms and the growth of criminal investigation in Pakistan using modern and scientific techniques.

The rapid advancement of digital technologies is revolutionizing online education, enhancing accessibility, personalization, and learner engagement. This study examines the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Virtual Reality (VR), and Blockchain on online learning environments. A structured survey was conducted among students from three universities in Multan NUML, Women University, and an Education University to evaluate their perceptions, adoption trends, and associated challenges. The findings indicate that AI-powered systems improve personalized learning, VR fosters immersive educational experiences, and Blockchain enhances digital credential verification. The study revealed that over 60% of students perceived AI-based platforms as effective tools for personalized learning and 25% raised concerns about the lack of human interaction, fearing that AI-driven education could reduce opportunities for independent thinking, class discussions, and direct instructor feedback. This research highlights the need for institutional strategies to facilitate the effective implementation of these technologies, ensuring a more inclusive and engaging learning landscape.

The aim of this research study was a comparison between sustainability leadership practices of principals at HSS level. The research objectives of this research study were a) to investigate sustainability leadership practices of principals at Higher Secondary school level b) to compare the sustainability leadership practices of principals at Public and Private sector c) To analyze the gender based sustainability leadership practices of principals. Population of this research study was all the principals, all teachers of their schools in Punjab Province. Data were collected from 200 teachers. A self -developed questionnaire was utilized for data collection. Data analysis was done through mean, standard deviation and t. test. Research findings indicate that sustainability leadership practices of principals significantly enhance effective teaching and pedagogical skills of teachers in organizations and generate pleasant and friendly environment for holistic development of learners and all other teaching learning activities.

The international monetary landscape is undergoing rapid transformation as a result of the increasing emphasis placed on sustainability, transparency, and cutting-edge technology. Blockchain technology has become a game-changing tool in the field of energy savings, especially in the field of ecological financial assets. This study considers the relationship between customer satisfaction and BCT, explained through PDQ, using two dimensions of GBP as a mediating variable. This study based on the (TOE) approach, employs a quantitative methodology to gather information from 399 banking industry professionals. The findings suggest that PDQ which also indirectly impacts CS through GBP, has a significant impact on the adoption of blockchain technology. The mediating role of GBP shows how technological innovation advances sustainable finance goals and improves customer-centric consequences. This study adds to the burgeoning literature on eco-fintech by filling a critical gap.