The Impact of Delegation of Authority on Job Satisfaction, Job Performance and Organizational Growth at Higher Educational Institutions in Sindh
The present study is explanatory research that adopted a cross-sectional survey design to achieve the objectives of the study. Simple random sampling technique was used to obtain data from the teachers. The data were collected from n=10 public and general private universities of Sindh. The data were analyzed using SPSS v.22 and AMOS v.22. The findings revealed that firstly, a delegation of authority has a significant impact on job satisfaction because (?= 0.928, and p value=0.000). Secondly, a delegation of authority has a significant impact on job performance because (?= 1.047, and p value=0.000). Thirdly, job satisfaction has a significant impact on organizational growth because (?=0.407, and p value=0.000). Fourthly, job performance has a significant impact on organizational growth because (?=0.141, and p value=0.000). Therefore, this study recommends that the practice of delegation of authority should be adopted in public and private universities.
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Delegation of Authority, Job Satisfaction, Job Performance, Organizational Growth, Higher Educational Institutions of Sindh
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(1) Syed Gul Muhammad Shah
PhD Scholar, Iqra University Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
(2) Anjum Bano Kazmi
Professor, Department of Speech and Language, Iqra University Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
Investigating Sociocognitive Functions of Mother Tongue in a Postgraduate EFL Classroom in Pakistan
Recent studies, however, have shown that MT serves a symbolic tool and can be way more effective in L2 learning than the exclusive use of TL. While many studies have examined the extent and functions of MT, only a few have explored the sociocognitive functions using Vygotsky's sociocultural (SCT) framework. The present study, therefore, adopted SCT to examine the amount and sociocognitive functions of MT. Classroom observations and stimulated recalls interviews were used to collect data from MBA students (n=6). Results showed that, learners MT use made up only 14% of the total amount of speech in L2 classroom. Most importantly, MT performed important functions, such as scaffolding, intersubjectivity and cognitive regulation. MT facilitated vocabulary learning in L2 through scaffolded help; created intersubjectivity by increasing motivation, reducing anxiety, and helped internalize L2 through cognitive self-regulation. A number of implications for classroom pedagogy and language policy have also been discussed.
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Mother Tongue, Second Language Learning, Sociocultural Theory, Medium of Instruction, Higher Education, Language Policy
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(1) Hassan Syed
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Sukkur IBA University, Airport Road, Sukkur, Singh, Pakistan.
(2) Farhan Bhutto
Lecturer, Department of English, Sukkur IBA University, Airport Road, Sukkur, Singh, Pakistan.
(3) Tanweer Syed
Lecturer, Department of Education, Sukkur IBA University, Airport Road, Sukkur, Singh, Pakistan.
An Exploratory Study about the Role of Experiential Learning for Developing Professional Skills at Higher Education
This study explores the learning experiences of postgraduate students pursuing master's degree in higher education. The assessment students enrolled in the course "Application of Computer in Research" observed through semi-structured observations. These observations contained 16 weeks (4 days a week). The observation tool was validated through five experts' opinions, and a mock observation was conducted in order to ensure the reliability of the tool. The researcher deeply observed the students' learning experiences daily by tasks, activities and discussions in which they were involved by the teacher—the analysis procedures controlled through coding, memos and themes generation. The study findings revealed that experiential learning provided students with some important skills that enhance their learning in a better way. The study contributed to the field of education at a higher level than postgraduates might be handled through active learning because active learning may indulge new visions, ideas for creative work and transferring those ideas through reflection by involving students in the activities in which they do the tasks by themselves.
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Experiential Learning, Learning Experiences, Postgraduates, Active Learning, Higher Education, Practical Approach
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(1) Sidrah Ilyas
PhD Scholar, Institute of Education & Research, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Mahvish Fatima Kashif
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Hafiza Sadiya Iqbal
Lecturer, Department of Education, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Effectiveness of Accreditation in Assuring the Quality of Teacher Education Programs: Exploring the Case of an Underdeveloped Country
This study examined the effectiveness of an accreditation mechanism for teacher education exclusively with a fragile higher education system in Pakistan. A quantitative research method was employed. Using the stratified technique, 614 participants from 24 higher education institutions were selected. Questionnaires were used to collect data from participants. The findings revealed that the standards of national accreditation council for teacher education (NACTE) cannot win wide acceptability and support of educators. The accreditation mechanism in Pakistan has emerged less effective in meeting standards of imparting modern, relevant and quality teacher education in the country. A comparative perspective to explore the factors affecting the effectiveness of accreditation in assuring quality teacher education in an academically underdeveloped country Pakistan is discussed at the end of this article. This study provides essentialities of accreditation in teacher education programs. It carries the value of graduate attributes that is a brand image in the quality of teacher education program development.
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Teacher Education, Program Quality, Accreditation, NACTE, Higher Education
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(1) Hina Jalal
Student,Department of Education, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Muhammad Ayub Buzdar
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Bushra Naoreen
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
The Competencies and Knowledge Entrepreneurship relationship in Higher Education Institutes: Examining the Moderating Role of Organizational Climate
Higher education institutions, in the knowledge economy, have a significant role in encouraging innovation and ultimately accelerating economic growth by the creation and transfer of knowledge. This study concentrates on the construct of knowledge entrepreneurship in higher education institutions of the public and private sectors in Pakistan. It highlights the competencies required to enhance knowledge entrepreneurship in presence of an encouraging organizational climate. Using the dynamic capability theory, this study theorizes the essential role of Personal, Professional and social competencies of faculty members in Higher education institutions in creating and disseminating various forms of knowledge while the organization maintains support, encouragement, leadership and the vision to accomplish the same. Implications and areas for future research are highlighted for further expansion in literature.
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Knowledge Entrepreneurship, Personal Competency, Professional Competency, Social Competency, Organizational Climate, Higher Education Institutions.
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(1) Nida Kamal
Senior Lecturer,Department of Business Studies,Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Bakhtiar Ali
Professor,Department of Management Studies,Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(3) Hina Samdani
Senior Assistant Professor,Department of Business Studies,Bahria University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Impediments in the Quality Assurance of Higher Education Sector of Pakistan
Quality of higher education institutes determines the future of any nation. Higher education commission (HEC) has strived hard to elevate the standards of higher education in Pakistan but desired results have not been redeemed. This article endeavors to highlight barriers in the implementation of quality assurance mechanism devised by HEC and higher education institutes (HEIs) to improve quality of both teaching and research. Data were collected from 204 Government sector and 205 faculty members of private sector universities in the Punjab Province and the Capital Islamabad. T-test for independent sample was applied to find the dissimilarities in the views of government sector and faculty members of private universities about hurdles in the quality assurance procedure adopted by their respective universities. It was revealed that inconsistent policies, ambiguous targets and lack of training regarding quality assurance practices were main hurdles.
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Quality Assurance, Higher Education, Impediments, Pakistan
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(1) Shafqat Rasool
Lecturer, Department of Education, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Khuda Bukhsh
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Shabbir Ali
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, University of Education Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Teaching Context and Students' Learning: A Case Study of a Public Sector University
This is an exploratory research study that aimed at capturing students’ learning experience in a public sector university campus in a remote region in Pakistan. The sample included students in the last semester of their two years Master’s program in Education Data were generated through a questionnaire survey, in-depth interviews, and whole-class discussions with Master’s students of Education. Findings showed that the students saw their learning embedded inrelation to the interaction with the faculty members, availability of resources, and interactive teaching approaches. It surfaced that remoteness of the context and unavailability of the Internet, lack of relative skills, and English language deficiencies, were key challenges.
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Adult learning, Higher Education, Learning Experiences, Managing Learning, University Students
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(1) Muhammad Naeem Butt
Assistant Professor,Institute of Education and Research,University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
(2) Haji Karim Khan
Assistant Professor,Department of Educational Development, University of Baltistan, Skardu, Pakistan.
(3) Wilayat Bibi
Assistant Professor, Department of Education, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University Peshawar, KP, Pakistan.
Organizational Learning and Effectiveness: The Case of Pakistani HEIs
Higher education is considered to be the lifeline of the development of any nation. These institutions are not only engaged in disseminating knowledge but are also engaged in shaping human capital for todays knowledge-based economy. These higher learning institutions need to focus on their effectiveness if they want to be learning organizations. The present study focuses on organizational learning for attaining effectiveness. The sample of the study consists of 350 academic staff members of public sector HEIs belonging to Khyber Pakhtunkhawa province of Pakistan. Multiple regression analysis was performed on the data set. The overall results showed a significant direct effect of organizational learning upon organizational effectiveness. The results are significant for the top management.
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Organization Learning, Effectiveness, Higher Education Institutions, Khyber Pakhtoonkhawa, Public Universities
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(1) Maqsood Haider
Assistant Professor, Department of Management Sciences, FATA University, FR Kohat, KP, Pakistan.
(2) Muhammad Aamir
Assistant Professor,Department of Commerce, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Khawar Naheed
Assistant Professor, Department of Commerce, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan.
Developing Entrepreneurship in Pakistan through Higher Education
This research intended to explore deficit and strategies to improve entrepreneurship regarding higher education in Pakistan. The study was descriptive in nature. It would utilize quantitative cum qualitative research techniques. Quantitative data were obtained through questionnaires and qualitative data from interviews. The population was comprised of all teachers and students who are getting entrepreneurship education in Business Incubation Centres (BIC) supported by Higher Education Commission in public sector universities. The sample of the research were 40 teachers and 200 students selected through random sampling technique. Data were analyzed through descriptive and thematic approach. The findings of the study showed that HEC was not playing an active role regarding entrepreneurship and demanded that special funds, infrastructure, and faculty should be provided to promote entrepreneurship. Institutions may offer useful training programs in colleges and universities for better career prospect and also focused on continuous professional development of teachers to enhance entrepreneurship education.
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Entrepreneurship, Higher Education, Business Incubation Centres, Deficits, Strategies
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(1) Nisar Ahmed
Ph.D. Scholar, Department of Education,The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(2) Muhammad Arshad
SST – Science, School Education Department,Govt. Fazilka Islamia Model High School Pakpattan, Punjab, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Hameed Nawaz
Associate Professor, Department of Education,The University of Lahore, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
Issues of Syllabus Designing Practices and Quality Assurance at Higher Education Level
The goal of Higher Education Commission is to develop and implement quality across all university activities and making it compatible with international practices. The faculty is required to have ability in designing, maintaining and updating curricula, when measuring the quality of an institute or of teaching; designing syllabus is the basic required skill. This study aims to analyze perception, syllabus designing skills and practices of faculty members in universities. This research is quantitative, structured questionnaire and document analyses were used for data collection. Results showed faculty have no related training; rules for designing syllabus are not followed. It is recommended that training sessions should be organized to developing syllabus designing skills of university faculty. Standard guidelines should be developed by quality assurance bodies.
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Curriculum, Syllabus designing, Higher Education, Standard
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(1) Anjum Bano Kazimi
Professor, Department of Education, IQRA University, Gulshan Campus, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
(2) Muhammad Ali Shaikh
Vice Chancellor,Media and Communication Studies,Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
(3) Stephen John
Director ORIC, Research Innovation, and Commercialization, Sindh Madressatul Islam University, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.